风廓线雷达回波信号强度定标方法

风廓线雷达返回信号功率定标通常通过返回信号信噪比和系统噪声功率的估算得到。该方法存在着噪声电平的确定、外部噪声等不确定性因素,影响了定标的精度。采用信号源分别对接收机和信号处理器进行定量测试,进而对雷达系统进行定标,是另一种可行的办法,该文利用这种方法对CFL-03风廓线雷达进行了定标,并利用该雷达在东莞2009年7月和8月探测资料与广州S波段天气雷达和地面雨量计资料进行比较。结果表明:用该定标方法得到的回波强度与天气雷达回波强度和地面雨量计资料估算的回波强度基本一致,平均标准差在1 dB左右,表明这种定标方法是可行的。     

动载作用下混凝土细观损伤的CT图像分割和灰度共生矩阵特征值研究

动载作用下混凝土随应力变化的系列CT图像完整地记录了混凝土内部破损过程,在CT图像中能直接观察到细观裂纹时混凝土往往已发生宏观破坏,挖掘混凝土材料损伤的细观信息是混凝土细观力学分析的核心。本文基于混凝土单轴动态压缩CT试验,获得不同应力阶段的横断面CT图像,分别应用图像分割技术和灰度共生矩阵法提取孔隙率和4个特征值,研究孔隙率和4个特征值随应力的变化规律。结果表明孔隙率随应力的增加显示出单调增加的总趋势,个别部位在应力水平较小时孔隙率随应力增加变化不大,反映出混凝土的压密效应。受压密效应影响,对比度在低应力水平时随应力增加有升有降,能量对应力变化不够敏感,相关性和同质性随应力的增加单调增加,对应力变化较为敏感,能反映混凝土整体损伤过程。对混凝土CT图像进行分区后再研究孔隙率、同质性和相关性随应力的变化,可以更好地反映动载作用下混凝土的细观损伤过程。      

Ore-Bearing Formations of the Precambrian in South China and Their Prospects

In the Precambrian System of the Yangtze and Cathaysian plates six ore-bearing formations can be identified: the Cu-Pb-Zn-bearing formations in volcanic rocks of marine facies of the Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic, Cu-Au-bearing formations and Pb-Zn-bearing formations in volcanic rocks of marine facies of the Mesoproterozoic, Pb-Zn-bearing formations in volcaniclastic rock and carbonate rock of the Neoproterozoic, Fe-Mn-bearing formations in the volcaniclastic rock of the Neoproterozoic, and Ni-Cr-serpentine-bearing formations in ophiolite and ultrabasic rock of the Meso- and Neoproterozoic. They were mostly formed in the marginal rift valleys of the Yangtze and Cathaysian plates, where occur stratabound and stratiform ore deposits, thermal deposits and porphyry polymetallic deposits. The six regions with ore-bearing formations have good prospects for ore deposits.     

Jurassic granitoid dike in Luodian,Guizhou Province: discovery and geological significance

Acta Geochimica - In this paper, the Jurassic granitoid dike that intrudes into Permian diabase was reported in Luokun, Luodian County, south Guizhou. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating of the...     

Basaltic and Solution Reference Materials for Iron,Copper and Zinc Isotope Measurements

Iron, Cu and Zn stable isotope systems are applied in constraining a variety of geochemical and environmental processes. Secondary reference materials have been developed by the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (CAGS), in collaboration with other participating laboratories, comprising three solutions (CAGS‐Fe, CAGS‐Cu and CAGS‐Zn) and one basalt (CAGS‐Basalt). These materials exhibit sufficient homogeneity and stability for application in Fe, Cu and Zn isotopic ratio determinations. Reference values were determined by inter‐laboratory analytical comparisons involving up to eight participating laboratories employing MC‐ICP‐MS techniques, based on the unweighted means of submitted results. Isotopic compositions are reported in per mil notation, based on reference materials IRMM‐014 for Fe, NIST SRM 976 for Cu and IRMM‐3702 for Zn. Respective reference values of CAGS‐Fe, CAGS‐Cu and CAGS‐Zn solutions are as follows: δ⁵⁶Fe = 0.83 ± 0.07 and δ⁵⁷Fe = 1.20 ± 0.13, δ⁶⁵Cu = 0.57 ± 0.06, and δ⁶⁶Zn = ?0.79 ± 0.12 and δ⁶⁸Zn = ?1.65 ± 0.24, respectively. Those of CAGS‐Basalt are δ⁵⁶Fe = 0.15 ± 0.07, δ⁵⁷Fe = 0.22 ± 0.10, δ⁶⁵Cu = 0.12 ± 0.08, δ⁶⁶Zn = 0.17 ± 0.13, and δ⁶⁸Zn = 0.34 ± 0.26 (2s).     

黑龙江嫩江三矿沟—多宝山—争光成矿带地质特征与成矿规律

三矿沟—多宝山—争光成矿带为东北地区重要的金属矿集区,发育有三矿沟矽卡岩铜铁矿床、多宝山斑岩铜钼矿床、争光浅成低温金矿床等典型矿床。基于已获得的研究成果,结合前人的资料,重点解剖多宝山、三矿沟和争光3个典型矿床的地质特征,发现3个矿床的成矿类型和地质特征大不相同,成矿时代(加里东期、燕山早期和燕山中期)各异。综合地质研究表明,多宝山矿床形成于岩浆弧背景,三矿沟矿床为弧后伸展背景的产物,争光矿床形成于碰撞后陆壳伸展背景。     

城市下垫面空气动力学参数的确定

分析近10年北京325m气象塔常年观测资料,研究城市化发展对城市大气边界层动力学结构和特征的影响.结果表明,空气动力学粗糙度和零平面位移总体是逐年递增的.气象塔西南方向的高层建筑群是20世纪90年代初期逐渐建成,在SW方向,空气动力学粗糙度和零平面位移在90年代增加明显,增加的幅度1997年和1999年之间较大,这一点与气象塔西南方向城市化的加快相符合.而在NE、SE和NW方向,从1987年到1994年空气动力学粗糙度和零平面位移增加明显,1994年以后变化较小.     

Drying increases organic colloidal mobilization in the karst vadose zone: Evidence from a 15-year cave-monitoring study

Understanding the hydrological processes of colloids within the karst vadose zone is vital to the security of karst groundwater and providing appropriate paleohydrological explanations of colloid-facilitated metals in speleothem. This study addresses the mobilization mechanisms driving colloidal organic matter (COM) transport in the karst vadose zone using a 15-year long monthly monitoring dataset from a cave drip point (HS4) in Heshang Cave, Qingjiang Valley, China. Variations in COM concentrations were reported as the fluorescence difference values of raw and filtered (<0.22 μm) samples at an excitation wavelength of 320 nm and emission wavelength of ~400 nm. A fluorescence humification index (HIX) lower than 0.8 and an autochthonous index (BIX) higher than 1.2 indicated that the origin of COM was mainly from the karst vadose zone, rather than the soil zone. The COM concentration varied from 0.001 to 0.038 Raman Unit (RU), with evident seasonal fluctuations. Rising limbs for COM values occurred prior to rising limbs within a dripwater hydrograph; moreover, the COM peak values corresponding to the beginning of the increasing hydrograph generally suggested that the mobilization of COM reflected the movement of the air–water interface (AWI) in the karst vadose zone rather than rainfall intensity or flow velocity. COM peak values were positively correlated with the antecedent drying duration and negatively correlated with HIX values. These phenomena may be explained by the increased amount of organic matter that was aggregated and absorbed on the surface of carbonate in the karst vadose zone during a longer drying duration. Moreover, the longer drying duration was also beneficial to autochthonous biological activity, which subsequently decreased the HIX value of the organic matter in the karst vadose zone. The movement of AWI and the drying duration are both controlled by the outside weather conditions. This study is therefore conducive to evaluating the security of karst groundwater in response to climate change, and challenges prevailing paleoclimate interpretations of colloid-facilitated metal abundance timeseries reported from speleothems.     

云南省旅游资源与生态安全协调发展的时空演化特征及障碍因子分析

自然、经济和社会构成的复合生态系统为旅游资源的赋存和开发提供条件,而丰富的旅游资源不仅能够促进旅游业发展,也为推动社会经济发展和自然环境保护提供了重要力量。运用线性加权法、耦合协调度模型和趋势分析等方法探究了云南省16个州市旅游资源与生态安全耦合协调发展现状及其障碍因子,研究发现：① 尽管云南87.50%的州市旅游资源与生态安全处于中度耦合协调发展阶段,两系统具有明显的耦合互动关系,但整体耦合协调发展趋于稳定,且呈现以昆明市为核心的“核心?边缘”结构,耦合协调发展水平仍需增强,空间分布格局有待完善。② 从局部演化特征来看,除滇中和滇东南旅游区,其余四大旅游区耦合协调度空间差异逐渐缩小,旅游业发展具有一定的“扩散效应”。③ 50%的州市旅游资源障碍度具有“组合度>品位度>类型>丰度”的特征,而生态安全障碍度层面,旅游发展和生态环境质量不高,旅游业和社会经济发展驱动力不足,生态安全响应机制不健全是影响两者耦合协调发展的主要因素。     

城乡过渡带空间演进与空间交互强度分析

采用NPP/VIIRS夜间灯光数据提取广州市城乡过渡带边界,利用基于sDNA模型修正的引力模型测算2012—2019年广州市城乡过渡带的空间交互强度,分析其空间演进特征与社会经济发展的关系。研究表明：1）2012—2019年广州市城乡过渡带总体呈扩大趋势,以北偏东方向发展为主,破碎区块逐渐演变为连续区域;2）广州市城乡过渡带之间的空间交互网络结构呈现“多方向化”趋势,从最初的西南侧单线网络结构逐步发育成多方向闭合网络联结结构,目前演变为南北两支、东西向的强空间交互态势,以白云区为代表的北部区域和以番禺区为代表的南部区域是广州市城乡过渡带的重要战略节点地域;3）广州市城乡过渡带社会经济优势度呈现出由内向外的3个空间层级结构,并由城市核心区辐射带动,向北、东北与东南3个方向推动发展为城乡过渡带;4）各城乡过渡带的发展速度不均衡现象仍较明显,广州市应结合本区域优势产业和自然资源,走联合与互补发展并存的道路,重视城乡过渡带区域发展引擎,增强其与周边地区联系的潜力。